May 2009

FIRST GSP CERTIFICATES GRANTED

GSP Grads 2009Four senior undergraduates will be the first to receive a Genome Sciences & Policy (GSP) Certificate when they graduate this month. Those members of the Class of 2009 include (left to right) Joel Burrill, Kelly Schiabor, Sally Liu and Max Masnick.

Burrill has conducted research in Hunt Willard's lab on personalized signatures of X-linked gene expression and will graduate with a major in biology and a minor in computational biology and bioinformatics (CBB). Liu has studied autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia using Drosophila as a model system with IGSP member Nina Sherwood and will graduate with a major in biology and a minor in physics. Masnick is a public policy major and CBB minor who has been mentored by Susanne Haga; his research explores the anticipated behavioral impact of genomic risk profiling for type 2 diabetes. And Schiabor, a double major in biology and economics, is conducting research that aims to apply behavioral, imaging and genetic analyses to better understand how people make risky economic decisions.

We would also like to give special recognition to the rest of this year's graduates who have been active participants in IGSP research. They are Anna Busija, Christian Horazeck and Natalie Sae-Seaw of Philip Benfey's lab, Lucy Gong of Beth Sullivan's lab, Caitlin Milligan and Rachel Randolph in the Willard lab, Stephen DeVience and David Wang in Lingchong You's lab and Vincent Ling, Di Sun and Eric Wu in Jingdong Tian's lab. In addition, Hannah Martin has completed a self-designed Program II major in infectious disease and genomics.

Congratulations and best wishes to all!!

IGSP IN THE NEWS

WaferGen, Duke Establish Genotyping Research Collaboration to Validate SNPs in Breast Cancer Using SmartChip ™ Real-Time PCR System
Under the terms of the collaboration, John Olson and Jeffrey Marks will conduct novel genotyping research projects using the SmartChip Real-Time PCR System in order to validate SNPs that are related to breast cancer.

Scientists Identify Host Factors Critical to Dengue Virus Infection
By painstakingly silencing genes one at a time, Duke Medical Center scientists have identified dozens of proteins the dengue fever virus depends upon to grow and spread among mosquitoes and humans. The work, published in Nature, was conducted in the RNAi Facility, a shared resource of the IGSP and the Center for RNA Biology. Read the original article here.

Should You Customize Your Drugs to Your DNA?
An MSNBC Prevention report about the connection between our DNA and drug response features the research of Geoff Ginsburg and Deepak Voora, which found that people with a specific genetic variant see less reduction of "bad" cholesterol when taking statins.

Genome Scans: Impatient for the Payoff
A Science Magazine "News of the Week" feature highlights David Goldstein and the "simmering debate in the genomics community about the value of chip-based genome scans to gauge inherited risks of developing common diseases."

High Hopes for US Patent Reform
In a Nature article about a pending agreement by lawmakers on patent reform, Arti Rai says, "Right now, what we really need to do is to fix our patent office. I hope that goal doesn't get held up by the debate over damage apportionment."

Common Variants Show Limited Value in Predicting Diseases
In a New York Times feature, David Goldstein argues that the genetic burden of common diseases must be mostly carried by large numbers of rare variants. The argument, originally laid out in a New England Journal of Medicine commentary, sparked activity in the blogospere, including the Wall Street Journal Health Blog, and drew comment from Misha Angrist, the IGSP's very own Genome Boy.

New Policy Adds Thesis Flexibility
The Chronicle reports that a new initiative will allow Duke undergraduates with interdisciplinary interests to earn honors outside their majors.

The Nation's Health – and Ours
A News & Observer op-ed by Chancellor Emeritus Ralph Snyderman about the value of "going healthy" features the Duke Prospective Health Care Club, a student club inspired in part by the Genome Revolution Focus Program that led to an IGSP-sponsored, student-led course and journal.

Chemo Combo Shows Promise Against Ovarian Cancer
The discovery that the addition of dasatinib to a standard drug regimen enhances the response of ovarian cancer to treatment is a step toward the ultimate goal of offering personalized therapy for women with ovarian cancer, says Duke gynecologic oncologist Angeles Secord. Holly Dressman and Andrew Berchuk were collaborators on the study, which was presented at the American Association for Cancer Research meeting in Denver.

Duke Researchers Get Komen Money for Cancer Studies
WRAL reports that Susan G. Komen for the Cure pledged more than $8 million to Duke researchers working on early detection and prevention strategies for aggressive breast cancer, including $600,000 to the IGSP's Ashley Chi for a project entitled "Mammary epithelial cell types as determinant of hypoxia responses in breast cancers."

Shared Differences: The Architecture of Our Genomes is Anything but Basic
A Science News article about the importance of structural variation in the genome features a recent PLoS Genetics report by Anna Need, David Goldstein and colleagues showing that large deletions from chromosome 8 can be linked to schizophrenia. Find the original article here.

Is There a Bit of OCD in Us All?
An article in the Financial Times features a recent report by researchers including Avshalom Caspi and Terrie Moffitt, which found that OCD symptoms are surprisingly common in the adult population. Read the original article in The American Journal of Psychiatry.


IGSP IN THE LITERATURE

A National Clinical Decision Support Infrastructure to Enable the Widespread and Consistent Practice of Genomic and Personalized Medicine
Ken Kawamoto and colleagues write in BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making that a national clinical decision support infrastructure will be required for reaping the full benefits of genomic and personalized medicine.

The Impact of Local Genome Sequence on Defining Heterochromatin Domains
Bayly Wheeler, Hunt Willard and Kristin Scott report in PLoS Genetics that the sequence content of a genomic region plays a significant role in shaping its response to encroaching heterochromatin and suggest a role of DNA sequence in specifying chromatin state.

A Genomic Strategy to Elucidate Modules of Oncogenic Pathway Signaling Networks
In the journal Molecular Cell, Jeff Chang, Joe Nevins and their IGSP colleagues propose a model of pathway structure that they say constitutes a framework to study the processes by which information propagates through cellular networks and to elucidate the relationships of fundamental modules to cellular and clinical phenotypes.

Perspective: Common Genetic Variation and Human Traits
In a New England Journal of Medicine commentary, David Goldstein says "if effect sizes were so small as to require a large chunk of the genome to explain the genetic component of a disorder, then no guidance would be provided: in pointing at everything, genetics would point at nothing."

Microarray Analysis of Early Stage Serous Ovarian Cancers Shows Profiles Predictive of Favorable Outcome
In the journal Clinical Cancer Research, Andrew Berchuck and colleagues conclude that serous ovarian cancers detected early generally have a favorable underlying biology similar to advanced-stage cases that are long-term survivors.

Characterizing the Developmental Pathways TTF-1, NKX2-8, and PAX9 in Lung Cancer
David Hsu, Anil Potti and colleagues investigate the clinical implications of lung developmental transcription factors that they recently discovered as cooperating oncogenes activated by way of gene amplification at chromosome 14q13 in lung cancer. The study appears in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.


HONORS AND GRANTS

Mark Delong and Hunt Willard received a grant award from the North Carolina Biotechnology Center for a High-Performance Computing System for Bioinformatics.

Phil Febbo has won support from Bristol-Myers Squibb for a clinical trial of "Genomic guided therapy with dasatinib or nilutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer."

Febbo was also inducted into the American Society of Clinical Investigation, an honorary society for physician-scientists.



SEMINARS & EVENTS

For full details and the latest updates on IGSP seminars and events, see the Events Calendar

A selection of upcoming events:

Tuesday, May 5th
Tuesday Seminar Series
Robin Allshire of the University of Edinburgh presents.

Thursday, May 7th
Genomic Medicine Forum
Charmaine Royal presents "Race, Ancestry and Personalized Medicine"

Sunday, May 10th
Graduation exercises; conferring of degrees

Monday, May 11th
Personalized Medicine in NC
A symposium on the development of personalized medicine and the future of medicine in North Carolina. Register here.

Tuesday, May 12th
Genome Biology Meeting
Courtney Babbit of the Wray lab presents.

Thursday, May 14
Genomic Medicine Forum
Svati Shah presents.

Thursday, May 21
Genomic Medicine Forum
Susanne Haga presents "The anticipated behavioral impact of genomic risk profiling for type 2 diabetes in a young adult population."

Thursday, May 28th
Neuropsychiatric Genetics Seminar
Anna Need presents "Neuropsychiatric Genetics: from Mendel to GWAS and back again."


FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES

Translational Research in Pediatric and Obstetric Pharmacology
The National Institutes of Health will support pharmacogenomics research aimed at understanding drug effects on, and targeting drugs for, children and pregnant women under a new program.

Basic Research on HIV Persistence
The emphasis of this initiative is on the development of new ideas and approaches in HIV-1 persistence that may lead to therapeutic strategies for long-term remission without treatment or a complete eradication of residual virus and complete cure for HIV infection and AIDS.

Researchers Are Encouraged to Submit Proposals to Advance the Field of Public Health Genomics
The National Cancer Institute will fund research aimed at translating new genomic discoveries into practice and assessing their impact on providers, patients and the public's health.

Exploratory/Developmental Grants Program for Basic Cancer Research in Cancer Health Disparities
These awards will support pilot and feasibility studies, development and testing of new methodologies, secondary data analyses, and innovative mechanistic studies that investigate biological/genetic bases of cancer health disparities.

Translational Tools for Clinical Studies of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Interventions
The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine wants researchers to develop new tools to study complementary and alternative medical (CAM) approaches, including new biomarkers, that are linked to well-being and stress.

Developmental Research in Cancer Prognosis and Prediction
The National Cancer Institute aims to support the development of newly discovered biomarkers into assays or test systems suitable for use in clinical trials or other confirmatory clinical research studies, with the ultimate goal to improve clinical decision-making in the care of cancer patients.

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